Linux Operating Systems

Learn and Master Linux Operating Skills

Information Security Basics4.6(86)14h 25m66 lectures14 sections

What you'll learn

  • Understand the basics of Linux and install it
  • Use the terminal and help commands
  • Manage files and folders with commands
  • Set file permissions and change ownership
  • Search with grep and find and use redirection and pipes
  • Manage processes and schedule tasks
  • Manage packages with RPM and YUM
  • Manage users and groups
  • Manage disks, LVM and swap
  • Write shell scripts

About this course

This course teaches the Linux operating system from scratch up to server administration. It starts with the basics: hardware and software, the server and client concept, operating systems, virtualization, Linux distributions and installation. Then it teaches the terminal, command structure and help commands, creating files and folders, copying, moving and deleting, and the Nano and Vim editors. Next it explains file permissions in both symbolic and numeric modes, umask, special permissions and changing ownership. After that come archiving and compression, searching with grep and find, redirection, pipes and shell variables. The course also covers process management, task scheduling with cron, package management with RPM and YUM, users and groups, disks, partitioning, LVM and swap, the firewall, and finally shell scripting. It suits system administrators, programmers and anyone interested in servers, and it needs no previous Linux experience. By the end, you will be able to install Linux, manage its files, users and disks, and write simple scripts.

Expected outcomes

  • Ability to execute and manage basic commands in Linux.
  • Skills in file and permission management efficiently.
  • Mastery of writing Shell scripts to enhance productivity.
  • Deep understanding of user, network, and server management.

Learner reviews

These reviews are from learners who bought the content and completed at least 50% of it — there are no reviews from anyone who hasn't gone through the material.
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  • ★★★★★Mohammed A.·منذ 5 شهرشاهد 100٪

    ممتازه ومعلومات قيمة وشرح مبسط خصوصا اذا اول مرة اتعامل مع لينكس الشرح وافي

تم عرض كل التقييمات (1)

Course content

1

Definitions, Control, and Configuration

10 lectures
  1. Linux IntroductionA general introduction to Linux and its spread compared with Windows, its reliance on commands, the ability to learn it on any machine, and its professional value in operating systems and networking.22:58
  2. Hardware & Software BasicsAn introduction to computer and server components, hardware and software, the operating system's role as an interface between user and machine, the importance of RAM and the processor, and user applications versus server applications.19:22
  3. Server & Client ConceptExplains the server and client concept: a server is a powerful machine providing services and data, a client requests them, a machine can be both, and why services such as mail and DHCP are spread across separate servers.5:04
  4. Operating Systems OverviewGives an overview of operating systems in the market: Unix, Linux and Windows Server, when each appeared, Linux being open source, its distributions such as Red Hat, and where each system excels.8:41
  5. Network Security & DMZExplains network security and the DMZ, which means splitting the network into separate segments protected by firewalls, so that breaching one part does not expose the remaining servers and devices.4:12
  6. Virtualization SetupExplains setting up a virtual machine environment to practice Linux instead of installing it on the main computer, downloading the virtualization software, and creating a new machine by choosing its name and memory size.11:49
  7. Linux DistributionsExplains popular Linux distributions and the difference between a paid, supported distribution and a free one such as Fedora, how to download an ISO file from the official site, and the difference between the small image and the full DVD.10:06
  8. Linux InstallationExplains the steps to install Linux on the virtual machine from an ISO file, choosing the server packages and needed components, setting the root user password, and waiting for the installation to finish so the system runs.13:33
  9. Linux ArchitectureExplains the components of Linux: the Kernel that manages hardware, the Shell as the user interface, applications, and the directory hierarchy, comparing how files are organized in Linux versus Windows.13:57
  10. Terminal & PreferencesExplains the Terminal in Linux and its preferences such as font, colors and background, plus graphical settings tools for keyboard and network, stressing that the main work will be done from the command line.6:55
2

Linux Operating System Commands

2 lectures
  1. Linux Command StructureExplains the structure of any Linux command: the command itself, then options preceded by one or two dashes, then arguments, with practical examples such as ls and uname.19:13
  2. Help & Man CommandsExplains the ways to get help in Linux, mainly the man command, which shows a detailed manual for each command and its options, along with simpler ways to get a short description of a command.8:07
3

Working with Files and Folders

4 lectures
  1. Create Files & DirectoriesExplains creating empty files with the touch command and folders with mkdir, creating several items in one command, case sensitivity in names, and the -p option to create a full path.12:18
  2. Navigation & User SwitchingExplains the cd command for moving between directories, switching between users up to root, each user's Home directory, and why it is safer to log in as a normal user and then switch to root.9:03
  3. Dot & Path ConceptsExplains the meaning of the single dot and double dot in paths, where one refers to the current directory and the other to the parent, hidden files starting with a dot, and the difference between absolute and relative paths.9:15
  4. Copy / Move / RemoveExplains copy, move and remove commands: cp for copying, mv for moving and renaming, rm for deleting files, rm with the r option for deleting directories, and the meaning of source and destination in the command.19:48
4

Writing Inside Files

3 lectures
  1. Nano EditorExplains editing files in Linux with the Nano editor from the terminal: opening or creating a file, typing in it, saving and exiting, and why it is simpler than other editors.7:03
  2. Vim BasicsIntroduces the Vim editor and its modes, command mode and insert mode, how to switch between them, how to delete a character, word or line, and how to start typing at different positions in the file.13:28
  3. File Viewing CommandsExplains file viewing commands: cat to show the whole file, more to page through it, head for the first lines, tail for the last ones, along with searching inside the view and live following of log files.16:18
5

File and Folder Permissions

8 lectures
  1. Understanding LS -l OutputExplains reading the output of ls -l column by column: item type and permissions, link count, owner and group, size in bytes, last modification date, and then the file name.15:46
  2. Inode ConceptExplains the Inode concept, the number the system assigns to each file or directory to track it, how ls with the i option shows these numbers, and what information is stored in the Inode database.9:20
  3. Linux File TypesExplains Linux file types, including hard and symbolic links, how to create them and why they help with backups, and device files that represent system hardware such as disks and network cards.31:48
  4. File Permissions (Symbolic Mode)Explains file permissions in symbolic mode: the nine positions split into owner, group and others, the read, write and execute letters, and how to change them with chmod by adding or removing a permission for a given set.12:07
  5. Permissions (Octal Mode)Explains permissions in octal mode: read is 4, write is 2 and execute is 1, adding them into one digit for each of owner, group and others, and writing all three digits together in chmod.11:16
  6. Umask & Default PermissionsExplains umask and the default permissions of files and directories: they are computed by subtracting the umask value from full permissions, giving different defaults for files and directories, and how changing it affects only new files.11:30
  7. Special Permissions (SUID, SGID, Sticky Bit)Explains the special permissions SUID, SGID and Sticky Bit: the first runs a file with its owner's privileges, the second with its group's, and the third in shared directories prevents deleting files except by their owner.12:07
  8. Ownership & Attributes (chown, chgrp, chattr)Explains changing a file's owner and group with chown and chgrp, changing permissions by number, and using chattr to block operations such as deletion even for the root user.6:37
6

Shell Utilities

10 lectures
  1. Users & Load CommandsExplains commands for seeing users on the system such as who, w and whoami, the last command for login and reboot history, and uptime for the load average and what it says about server pressure.16:30
  2. System & Kernel InfoExplains system information commands: uptime for how long the server has been running and its load average, the command showing the system name, kernel and architecture, and the difference between 32-bit and 64-bit systems.6:02
  3. Server Settings & Time ManagementExplains server settings and how to change them, such as the hostname and the need to reboot after changing it, and setting the time, date and time zone by city to avoid timing errors.15:36
  4. Archiving & Compression (tar, gzip)Explains the difference between archiving and compression, the tar command for bundling several files into one archive, listing its contents and restoring it, and the gzip command for compressing a file to reduce its size, combining both steps.17:57
  5. wc & which CommandsExplains the wc command for counting lines, words and characters in a file with the l, w, c and m options, and the which command for finding where an executable command is located on the system.4:34
  6. grep & find CommandsExplains the grep command for searching for a word inside files with options for whole-word match, ignoring case and numbering lines, and the find command for locating files by name and other criteria and running a command on the results.23:46
  7. Redirection & I/O StreamsExplains redirection and input/output streams: standard input, standard output and standard error, the > operator to write output to a file, >> to append without overwriting, and the tee command to show and save output at once.12:42
  8. Pipe & WildcardsExplains using a pipe to pass one command's output into another such as more and grep, the tilde for a user's home path, and wildcards to match files by similar names or ranges.10:58
  9. Shell Variables & Initialization FilesExplains Shell Variables as a name pointing to a value held in memory, how to display them with set and echo, with some important variables such as the shell one, leading into initialization files.13:52
  10. Runtime vs Persistent VariablesExplains the difference between runtime variables that vanish after a reboot and persistent ones, and how to store them in files such as /etc/profile, bashrc and per-user files that are read at session start.9:04
7

Tasks and Functions

4 lectures
  1. Process Management (ps, top, kill)Explains process management in Linux: what a process is, viewing them with ps and top, reading CPU and memory usage, ending processes with kill, and the caution needed with kill -9.23:22
  2. Jobs & Background ControlExplains the difference between running a command in the foreground and in the background (Jobs), how background execution frees the shell during long commands, the jobs, bg and fg commands, and what a daemon is.9:59
  3. Process Priority (nice & renice)Explains process priority in Linux: the default priority value, the nice and renice commands for changing a process's importance on the CPU, the allowed range, and why to be careful so the system is not affected.8:30
  4. Task Scheduling (at & cron)Explains task scheduling in Linux: the at command to run a command once at a set time, cron for repeated execution, the minute, hour, day and month fields in crontab, and controlling which users are allowed.21:29
8

Package Management

5 lectures
  1. Package Management with RPMExplains package management in Linux with RPM: what a package and a repository are, downloading packages, and installing them with rpm -i along with options such as h and v to show progress.11:58
  2. RPM Queries & Package InfoExplains RPM commands for querying packages: removing a package, listing all installed packages, counting them, searching for a package by name, and checking whether a specific package such as openssh is installed.4:13
  3. Package Dependencies & File OwnershipExplains tracking package dependencies and file ownership with RPM: listing a package's files, documentation and configuration files, finding which package owns a given file, and how to recover a missing or modified file.8:52
  4. Package Management with YUMExplains package management with YUM, which solves the dependency problem automatically by installing required packages together, commands to search for and install a package from the internet, and updating the whole system with one command.13:30
  5. YUM Groups & Repository SetupExplains YUM groups (group list) for installing several related packages together such as the GNOME environment, setting up a local repository from a packages folder so YUM works without internet, and installing software from a graphical interface.8:17
9

User Administration

4 lectures
  1. User Management Basics (useradd & user types)Explains user management in Linux: the difference between a user and a group, adding a user with useradd and options such as comment and UID, the passwd file, the skel directory, and modifying with usermod.24:48
  2. User Modification & Deletion (usermod & userdel)Explains modifying users with usermod, such as changing the user ID, shell, home directory and login name, and deleting them with userdel, including the difference between deleting only the account or also its home directory, plus setting a password.12:34
  3. User Files Structure (/etc/passwd & /etc/shadow)Explains the user files /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow and the fields of each: name, password, IDs, comment, home directory and shell, password aging settings with chage, and forcing a change at first login.18:04
  4. Group Management & Password ControlExplains group management in Linux and the /etc/group and /etc/gshadow files, commands to create, modify and delete groups, checking file integrity with grpck and pwck, and moving passwords between passwd and shadow.14:59
10

Chapter Nine - Storage Administration

13 lectures
  1. Disk Management IntroductionAn introduction to disk management in Linux: groundwork for partitioning disks and storing data, adding new hard disks to the virtual machine, and the need to reboot the server so it recognizes them.5:05
  2. Disk Naming & lsblk CommandExplains disk naming in Linux and the lsblk command for listing disks and partitions, the structure of a hard disk made of platters, tracks and sectors, and the difference between internal disks and external storage disks.11:53
  3. File System Types (Disk, RAM, Network)Explains file system types: disk-based, memory-based for temporary data, and network-based reached through another server, and the role of the file system when formatting a disk, such as FAT and NTFS.5:48
  4. Partitioning with MBR & GPTExplains the Master Boot Record (MBR) and primary and extended partition types, creating a partition with fdisk, formatting it with a file system, mounting it on a directory and adding it to fstab so it persists after reboot.22:44
  5. Creating Partitions & mkfsExplains creating partitions and formatting the file system with mkfs, showing the unique partition ID with blkid, verifying the setup after a reboot, and undoing it by removing the fstab line, unmounting and deleting the partitions.6:26
  6. GPT Partitioning with gdiskExplains the gdisk tool for partitioning disks with GPT and how it differs from fdisk, creating a partition, setting its type and saving it, then formatting and mounting it, and deleting the partition the same way.6:58
  7. LVM Concepts & BenefitsExplains the LVM concept and its benefits compared with traditional partitions: combining several disks into one flexible storage pool, the Physical Volume, Volume Group and Logical Volume components, and the Physical Extent size.17:35
  8. Creating Physical & Volume GroupExplains creating a Physical Volume with pvcreate on a disk, then a Volume Group with vgcreate by setting its name, extent size and member disks, and the start of moving on to Logical Volumes.5:18
  9. Creating Logical VolumesExplains creating a Logical Volume with lvcreate by giving the number of extents or the size, its naming under /dev/mapper, then creating a file system such as xfs on it and mounting it.7:59
  10. LVM Display CommandsExplains extending a Volume Group by adding new disks, extending a Logical Volume with lvextend and then the file system, reversing the steps when reducing, and activating or deactivating groups with vgchange.31:33
  11. Extending & Reducing LVMExplains LVM display commands such as pvs, pvdisplay, vgdisplay and lvdisplay, what size, extents and status mean, and df for mounted file systems to tell LVM disks from simple partitions.11:03
  12. Swap Creation & ManagementExplains swap space as a part of the disk that supports RAM, the rule for choosing its size, creating it on a Logical Volume, and why it is better to gather it in one Volume Group rather than scatter it.13:21
  13. LVM GUI ToolShows the graphical system-config-lvm tool for managing LVM, how it displays disks and file systems and creates a new file system, noting that it is not essential and the command line is preferred.7:28
11

Network Administration

1 lectures
  1. Firewall Basics (iptables & firewalld)Explains protecting a Linux server with a firewall: the iptables and firewalld tools, rule tables and chains, allowing or blocking services, start and status commands, with a warning about stacking too many layers.14:46
12

Network Security

1 lectures
  1. Shell Scripting IntroductionAn introduction to shell scripting for automating repeated tasks in a single file, with positional parameters such as $1 and $2, the if conditional, and the idea of loops.10:33
13

Shell Scripting

1 lectures
  1. Advanced Shell Scripting (If, Test, Loops)Explains writing and running a Linux script as a regular file given execute permission with chmod, using parameters, the test command to check files inside if statements, and a for loop to repeat a command such as useradd.34:09
14

Books

2 lectures

Instructor

Eng. Ahmed Haykal

Eng. Ahmed Haykal

ITO Infrastructure Consultant at DXC Technology, MBA holder, expert in Ansible, AIX, RHCE, and ITIL v3 certified.
13.1K views2 courses

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